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SHORT COMMUNICATION |
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| Year : 2006 | Volume
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| Issue : 4 | Page : 509-510 |
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| Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Aristolochia bracteate retz |
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RV Manikandar1, P Selvamani2, S Latha2
1 A. K. College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil-626 190, India
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India
Correspondence Address:
S Latha
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024
India
  | 17 |
DOI: 10.4103/0250-474X.27830
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Aristolochia bracteate Retz, family, Aristolochiaceae is a common annual herb widely distributed in India and widely used in indigenous system of medicine. The objective of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of crude extracts of Aristolochia bracteate Retz leaves by disc diffusion method. The leaves of Aristolochia breacteate Retz were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform and alcohol. The concentrated crude leaf extracts of Aristolochia bracteate Retz were tested against Bacillus subtilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Alcoholic extract showed significant antibacterial activity as compared to that of other extracts.
How to cite this article:
Manikandar R V, Selvamani P, Latha S. Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Aristolochia bracteate retz. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006;68:509-10 |
How to cite this URL:
Manikandar R V, Selvamani P, Latha S. Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Aristolochia bracteate retz. Indian J Pharm Sci [serial online] 2006 [cited 2013 May 21];68:509-10. Available from: http://www.ijpsonline.com/text.asp?2006/68/4/509/27830 |
Aristolochia bracteate Retz, is commonly called as ' Aadutheendaapaalai ' in Tamil. It is a shrub widely distributed in India. In the indigenous system of medicine, it is reported that, the decoction of the leaves were used for treating skin diseases, rheumatism and as analgesic[1],[2]. Ethnomedical information of Aristolochia bracteolate, which is closely related species of Aristolochia bracteate obtained through Napralert reports that, it is used as an emmenagogue, vermifuge, anthelmintic, purgative and abortifacient. It is also used to treat wounds, scorpion bites, dental caries and scabies. Toxicity of Aristolochia bracteata in goats[3] and antibacterial activity of Aristolochia bracteata root extract was reported[4]. Therefore the present study has been undertaken to investigate the antibacterial activity of leaf extract of Aristolochia bracteate by disc diffusion method[5],[6].
The leaves of Aristolochia bracteate were collected in black cotton soil areas during post monsoon period in and around Kailasapuram, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India and is authenticated by botanists of Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu and a specimen sample (plant No:761) is kept in our institution.
Shade dried coarsely powdered leaves of Aristolochia bracteate (0.5 kg) was subjected to successive extraction with petroleum ether (80°), chloroform (50.5-51.5°) and alcohol (54-55.5°) for 24-36 h using a Soxhlet extractor separately. These crude extracts were concentrated under vacuum. The concentrated crude petroleum ether, chloroform and alcohol extracts were stored in desiccator until use.
In vitro antibacterial activity of the different extracts of Aristolochia bracteate was studied by disc diffusion method using different bacterial strains such as Bacillus subtilus (NCIM-2063) Lactobacillus plantarum (NCIM-2083), Escherichia More Details coli (NCIM-2079), Staphylococcus aureus (NCIM-2079), Streptococcus aureus (NCIM-2080) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCIM-2200). The cultures were obtained from National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms, Pune. These different extracts were loaded (1 mg/ml) on a sterile Whatman No 1 filter paper disc with 5 mm diameter and dried aseptically. Control disc received standard rifampicin antibiotic solution (1 mg/ml) in methanol. 24 h old bacterial suspension (10 8sub cells/ml) was taken in a sterile Petri dish More Details and sterile nutrient agar was poured at 40-45° and mixed well and allowed to solidify. After 4 h, the extract loaded and control drug (rifampicin) loaded disc were placed on the solidified nutrient agar media and incubated at 37±1° in an incubator for 24 h. After incubation the plates were observed and the diameter of the zone of inhibition were measured and recorded[7],[8],[9].
[Table - 1] shows the antibacterial activity of the petroleum ether, chloroform and alcohol extracts from the zone of inhibition produced by the extracts. It was observed that E. coli, Streptococcus faecalis were most sensitive to the alcoholic extract and Lactobacillus plantarum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilus were moderately sensitive to the alcoholic extract. Chloroform extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilus.
Thus the alcoholic extract exhibited moderate to significant antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains. The chloroform extract exhibited moderate antibacterial activity. The petroleum ether extract was devoid of any antibacterial activity.
| References | |  |
| 1. | Wealth of India, Raw Materials Vol. IA, CSIR, New Delhi, 1982, 88.  |
| 2. | Kirtikar, K.R., and Basu, B.D., In; Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. I, Bishan Singh and Mahendra Pal Singh, International Book Distributors, Dehradun, 1935, 139. |
| 3. | Dirdiri, N.I., Brakat, S.E., and Adam, S.E., Vet. Hum. Toxicol., 1987, 29, 133. |
| 4. | Negi, P.S., Anantharamakrishnan, C. and Jayaprakasha, G.K., J. Med. Food. 2003, 6, 401. |
| 5. | Spooner, D.F ., and Syker, G., In: Nooris, J.R. and Ribbons, D.W., Eds., Methods in Microbiology, Vol. VII, Academic Press, London and New York. 1972, 216. |
| 6. | Hugo, W.B. and Russell, A.B., In; Pharmaceutical Microbiology, 4th Edn, Black Well Scientific Publication, London, 1987, 265. |
| 7. | National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Approval Standards: M2-A4, 1990. |
| 8. | World Health Organization. Technical Report Series 610. WHO. Geneva, 1997, 99. |
| 9. | The Himedia Manual for microbiology Laboratory practice, Himedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. India, 1998, 486. |
Tables
[Table - 1] |
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