A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of Nimesulide based on the formulation of blue coloured species λ max 600 nm) with Folinciocalteu reagent (F-C Regent) is described.

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Free radical scavenging activity of ethyl acetate, alcohol and aqueous extracts of fresh amla fruits, freeze dried amla powder and Chyavanprash was determined by DPPH assay method. Freeze dried amla powder and fresh amla fruits exhibited very good scavenging activity in all the extracts comparable to that of vitamin C. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Chyavanprash exhibited a very low level of activity compared to its ethyl acetate extract. The scavenging activity of ethyl acetate extract of Chyavanprash is very high (EC50 3.4 μg/ml) comparable to that of pure vitamin C (EC50 2.99 μg/ml). All the three market samples of Chyavanprash showed comparable activity even though vitaminc C is absent. The results indicate that free radical scavenging activity by DPPH assay method may be used as one of the quality control parameters for Chyavanprash.

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A simple and rapid potentiometric method for the estimation of isoniazid in dosage forms was developed. The method was based on treating isoniazid with iodine and titration of the iodide produced equivalent to isoniazid with silver nitrate using a copper based mercury film electrode (CBMFE) as an indicator electrode. No interference was caused by other excipients present in dosage forms. The results of the proposed method and British Pharmacopoeia method were compared using F and t statistical tests of significance.

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Polymeric films of indomethacin were formulated employing ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as film formers and evaluated for transdermal administration. The in vitro percutaneous absorption of indomethacin through rat abdominal skin was dependent on film composition and initial drug loading dose. The films composed of EC:PVP:Drug (8:2:2 and 8:2:3) exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity over a period of 24 h. Significant (p<0.01) prevention of ulcerogenicity of indomethacin was observed by transdermal route compared to oral adminisration.

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A method for simultaneous estimation of metronidazole and nalidixic acid in two component tablet and suspension formulations was established based on dual wavelength spectrophotometry. No prior separation is required. Sodium hydroxide (0.1 N) was used as solvent. Beer lambert’s law was obeyed in the concentration ranges employed for the analysis. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. The method was found to be simple, rapid, accurate, reproducible and economic.

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Cholic acid and deoxycholic acid were conjugated with glutamic acid to prepare N-[3α, 7 α, 12α trihydroxy 24 -oxocholan - 24 yl] glutamic acid and N-[3α, 12α - dihydroxy - 24 oxocholan-24 -yl] glutamic acid. Deoxycholic acid was conjugated with α - alanine to prepare N-[3α, 12α -dihydroxy 24-oxocholan-24-yl] α - alanine. The sodium salt of cholic acid and deoxycholic acid conjugates were then prepared and evaluated for surface activity and emulsifying properties. The effect of these compounds on in vitro absorption of ibuprofen was also investigated. All the biosurfactants were found to enhance in vitro absorption of ibuprofen.

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Iridoids, a widely distributed class of natural products have shown encouraging biological activities including hepatoprotective, anticancer, immunostimulant, and antileishmanial. The present review describes the recent reports on the promising biological activities of iridoids isolated from plant sources.

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Alcohol (95%) extract of Justicia procumbens has been screened for in vivo antiinflammatory activity in albino rats. It revealed promising antiinflammatory activity at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight.

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A simple and sensitive fluorimetric procedure for the estimation of terazosin HCl in tablet preparation has been developed. The method consists of measurement of fluorescence for the drug samples extracted by methanolic 0.1N H2H2SO4. The samples showed an excitation at 246 nm and an emission at 382 nm. The linearity was found in the range of 25 - 150 ng/ml. The effect of change in ionic strength of aqueous sulfuric acid solutions on fluorescence intensity of drug sample was also studied.

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Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone, isolated from Andrographis paniculata significantly decreased degranulation of mast cells of rats and reduced the liberation of histamine from the cells when tested in vitro at concentration of 30, 100 and 300 mg/ml. Moreover, andrographolide was found to produce an increase in delayed hypersensitivity in mice.

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A colour reaction has been developed for the determination of novalgin in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is simple and sensitive with molar absorptivity 3.8 x 104I mole-1 cm-1. Novalgin is determined Spectrophotometrically by molybdenum blue method. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 1-10 μg/ml of novalgin.

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Various techniques of solubilization such as surfactant solubilization, solid dispersion, cosolvent method and liquid molecular dispersions were studied to solubilize carbamazepine. Carbamazepine was successfully solubilized by cosolvent method to get a concentration of 20 mg/ml. It can also be solubilized by solid liquid dispersion method to obtain a concentration of 40 mg/ml.

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The antitumour activity of biochanin-A (5,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy isoflavone) has been evaluated against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma (DAL) in swiss albino mice. A significant enhancement of mean survival time of biochanin-A treated tumour bearing mice was found with respect to control group. Biochanin-A treatment was found to enhance peritoneal cell counts. When these biochanin-A treated animals underwent i.p. inoculation with DAL cells, tumour cell growth was found to be Inhibited. After 14 days of inoculation, biochanin-A is able to, reverse the changes in the haematological parameters, protein and PCV consequent to tumour inoculation.

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Incubation of rat renal cortical slices with 3.3 mM cisplatin produced concentration – dependent decrease in total protein. The reduction in protein content was significant only after 30 min. To find out the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), incubation was carried out in the presence of antioxidants. The water soluble analog of Vitamin E, trolox, protected the cortical slices against the cisplatin effect but ascorbic acid failed to produce any effect. Similarly, catalase and hydroxyl radical scavengers like dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), mannitol produced protection but superoxide dismutase (SOD) did not show protection. In conclusion, this study indicates that cisplatin causes decrease in the protein content in renal cortical slices and this decrease may be mediated through reactive oxygen species.

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Condensation of 1-amino-4-benzylidene-2-methyl/phenylimidazolin-5 (4H)-ones (1&2) with 5-chloro- 3-methyl-1-substituted pyrazole-4-carboxaldehydes (3&4) gave corresponding 5-(4-benzylidene-2- methyvphenyl-5-oxoimidazolin -1-yl) amino -3-methyl-1-substituted pyrazole-4-carboxaldehydes (5-8). These were reacted with arylamines to afford corresponding Schiff's bases (9-20). All these compounds were characterized and evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Some of them were found to exhibit significant antibacterial and antifungal activities.

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Methanolic and water extracts of the wood of Ptreocarpus marsupium Roxb. and leaves of Butea frondosa Koen. ex. Roxb. were tested for antihepatotoxic activity on albino rats intoxicated with CCl4. Liver weight, pentobarbitone sleep time and biochemical paramters were studied. Both the plants lowered the elevated levels of SGOT, SGPT and SALP indicating promising antihepatotoxic activity.

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A number of new N-arylamino-3-chloro-4-(4'-dimethylamino) phenyl-azetidin-2-ones have been synthesized and their structures have been established on the basis of consistent elemental, IR, spectral data. Antibacterial activity has been performed using agar diffusion technique involving paper disc method against E. coli (445). Pseudomonas diminuta (MTCC 1609) and Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 441). All the synthesised azetidine-2-one have shown significant antibacterial activity. It has been observed that N-(4'-nitro) phenylamino-3-chloro-4-(4'-dimethylamino) phenyl azetidin-2-one is found to be more potent against E. coli. Molecular refractive index (MR) correlates linearly to the drug activity with correlation coefficient of 0.99.

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Considering the importance of drug-lipid interaction in mechanism of action of drugs, in vitro effects of metoprolol tartrate and cefotaxime sodium on goat blood phospholipids have been studied in an attempt to correlated phospholipid binding capacity of the drugs to their biological activity. statistical analysis of the findings indicates linear relationship of cumulative phospholipid loss with incubation period for both drugs with significant correlation.

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