Abstract
Bioactive Metabolites from Manglicolous Lichen Ramalina leiodea (Nyl.) Nyl.
Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam, 1A. U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, 2Department of Pharmaceutics, St Mary’s College of Pharmacy, Cheerily, Guntur, 3Department of Industrial Pharmacy, A. M. Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Narasaoraopet-522 601,4Srinivasa College of Pharmacy, P. M. Palem, Madhurawada, Visakhapatnam-530 041, 5 Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram-534201, India
Correspondence Address:
A. U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India, E-mail: kishorenaidu.killari@gmail.com
The chemical investigation of acetone extract of manglicolous lichen Ramalina leiodea yielded three known metabolites, methyl 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methyl benzoate (1), haematommic acid (2) and ethyl haematommate (3), which are reported for the first time in this species. The acetone extract and the metabolites (1-3) were screened for antioxidant activity in α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and superoxide free radical assays, for antiinflammatory activity in pretein denaturation assay and for anticancer activity in sulforhodamine B assay on lung, head and neck, and cervical cancer cells. The results showed that compounds 2 and 3 depicted inhibitory profiles against 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free radical with an IC50 of 40.0 and 40.5 µg/ml, respectively and caused protein denaturation with an IC50 of 435 and 403 µg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 2 and 3 exhibited a significant degree of specificity against cervical, head and neck, and lung cancer cells, while these compounds showed little toxicity against normal human mammary epithelial cell line. In summary the manglicolous lichen Ramalina leiodea possessed free radical scavenging, antiinflammatory, and anticancer activities and the main metabolites responsible for these activities could be compounds 2 and 3.