Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the efficacy and influencing factors of programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors for hepatitis B virus-associated liver cancer undergoing hepatic arterial chemotherapy. Study the therapeutic effect and influencing factors of programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor on hepatitis B virus-related liver cancer undergoing hepatic arterial chemotherapy. This study was a retrospective study. Hepatitis B virus -infected patients with liver cancer who received hepatic arterial chemotherapy in hospital from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected. Among 158 patients, there was no statistically significant difference in hepatitis B virus reactivation and ALT elevation between hepatic arterial chemotherapy combined with programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor and hepatic arterial chemotherapy alone. The overall tumor progression (odds ratio, 2.400 [95 % confidence interval, 1.183-4.871], p=0.015), tumor growth (odds ratio, 2.296 [95 % confidence interval, 1.098-4.803], p=0.027), lesion size increased (odds ratio, 2.401 [95 % confidence interval, 1.017-5.670], p=0.046), lesion number increased (odds ratio, 3.614 [95 % confidence interval, 1.443-9.053], p=0.006), new tumor metastasis (odds ratio, 2.742 [95 % confidence interval, 1.127-6.672], p=0.026) and new distant metastasis (odds ratio, 3.281 [95 % confidence interval, 1.226-8.779], p=0.018) were statistically significant. The number of tumor progression was lower in patients treated with antiviral therapy at baseline compared with those treated without antiviral therapy (odds ratio, 0.459 [95 % confidence interval, 0.214-0.984], p=0.045), with a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Programmed cell death protein 1 receptor inhibitors (odds ratio, 2.400 [95 % confidence interval, 1.183-4.871], p=0.015) and lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 0.300 [95 % confidence interval, 0.119-0.754) were not used in the analysis of factors associated with overall tumor progression. p=0.010) was a risk factor for overall tumor progression. Overall tumor progression was independent of baseline hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid level, age, sex, eastern cooperative oncology group, hepatitis B e-antigen, type of programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor, and type of hepatic arterial chemotherapy (p>0.05).