Abstract
Protective Effect of Polyherbal Extract on Gentamicin-Induced Renal Injury in Wistar Rats
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001, India
Correspondence Address:
C. M. Modi, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001, India, E-mail: chiragvets@yahoo.co.in
This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of polyherbal extract against gentamicin induced renal injury in rats. 36 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Gentamicin was administered (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 10 d) to all groups except normal control group. Polyherbal extract was administered to three groups (gentamicin+polyherbal extract 100 mg/kg, gentamicin+polyherbal extract 200 mg/kg and gentamicin+polyherbal extract 300 mg/kg) at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight orally for 21 d, respectively. Taurine was taken as standard drug and given at the dose rate of 50 mg/ kg, orally for 21 d to positive group. The in vitro antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate. The polyherbal extract was also subjected to phytochemical analysis using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Renal functions were assessed by evaluating biochemical parameters and oxidative stress parameters. Histopathological examinations were also conducted to confirm the renal damage. The treatment of polyherbal extract at dose of 300 mg/kg body weight attenuated significantly (p<0.05) urea, creatinine and uric acid levels in gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity model in rats. Similarly, activity of catalase in kidney of rats was found to have significant (p<0.05) increase in polyherbal extract treatment at 300 mg/kg body weight. Insignificant altered level of glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity was observed in kidney of rats in all treatment groups. Renal histopathology also showed that polyherbal extract reduced the tubular degeneration, interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells and tubular necrosis. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of polyherbal extract showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, gallic acid and tricarboxylic acid. The polyherbal extract at the dose of 200 μg/ml have shown the maximum radical scavenging activity which indicated concentration dependent antioxidant activity. These results suggest that polyherbal extract at dose of 300 mg/kg body weight, orally for 21 d exhibits a potent nephroprotective effect on gentamicin-induced kidney damage in rats, which may be due to the increase in biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes activity in rats).
