*Corresponding Author:
Dezhi Ke
Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154002, China
E-mail: 13039650701@163.com
This article was originally published in a special issue: Special issue on “Animal Models & Experimental Medicine”
Indian J Pharm Sci 2020:82(1)spl issue4;53-56

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the postoperative curative effect of the combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and nedaplatin for advanced gastric carcinoma. In this study, 160 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were enrolled. They underwent radical gastrectomy and randomly divided into the study group and the control group, each containing 80 patients. The control group was treated with oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil combined chemotherapy. The study group was treated with docetaxel, nedaplatin combined chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in short-term treatment efficiency between these 2 groups. In terms of 1-y and 3-y survival rates, the study group was significantly better than the control group. There was no significant different in rate of adverse reactions between these 2 groups. The study group showed higher quality of life than the control group. For treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma, docetaxel nedaplatin combined chemotherapy could yield good results and relatively better long-term efficacy.

Keywords

Docetaxel, Nedaplatin chemotherapy, Advanced gastric carcinoma, Therapeutic effect

Gastric carcinoma, a common malignancy, originates from the epithelium of gastric mucosa. The incidence of gastric carcinoma in China ranks the top among all malignant tumors according to recent survey data[1-2]. In addition, there are obvious regional differences in the incidence of gastric carcinoma, with that of southern China higher than that of northwest and eastern coastal areas. Moreover, the incidence shows obvious age characteristics. People over the age of 50 are high incidence group, with more male than females[3-5]. In recent years, as people’s lifestyles continue to change, dietary structures have been adjusted accordingly, plus the increased work pressure and disruption of the surrounding ecological environment, the incidence of gastric carcinoma is on the rise, tending to attack younger generations. There are many factors causing gastric carcinoma, of which Helicobacter pylori infection (fig. 1) is a major one. Currently, the main treatment for locally advanced gastric carcinoma (fig. 2) is surgery. For failure of radical resection of advanced gastric carcinoma, studies have shown local recurrence and distant metastasis to be the reason, so it is necessary to further improve the treatment regimen. Chemotherapy for advanced gastric carcinoma can improve survival rate. Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs include 5-fluorouracil. In recent years, more effective and safer chemotherapy drugs have been introduced in to practice. In this study, the postoperative curative effect of docetaxel nedaplatin combined chemotherapy in advanced gastric carcinoma treatment is investigated. In this study, 160 patients who had been treated for advanced gastric carcinoma at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from January 2013 to December 2017 were enrolled, all of whom were treated with combined chemotherapy after radical resection of gastric cancer. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for patients included those meeting the diagnostic criteria for advanced gastric carcinoma (fig. 3) stipulated in the 8th edition of Surgery[6], and confirmed by X-ray barium meal, fiberoptic gastroscopy as advanced gastric carcinoma, tumor, node and metastasis (TNM) staging from stage III to IV, with objectively measurable lesions and an estimated survival time of more than 3 mo; patients and their relatives had the right to information, and signed formal informed consent developed by the hospital; no complication of severe liver, kidney, heart and bone marrow dysfunction, no other malignant tumors; no history of chemotherapy nor poor compliance. The patients were randomly divided into the study group and the control group, each containing 80 patients. In the study group, there were 46 males and 34 females, 40-76 y old, including 30 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 16 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma, 20 cases of mucous gastric carcinoma and 14 cases of signet-ring cell carcinoma. In the control group, there were 50 males and 30 females, 40-75 y old, including 32 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 18 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma, 19 cases of mucous gastric carcinoma and 11 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma. There no significant difference in general data between these 2 groups. The control group was subjected to a combined therapy of oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and calcium folinate. The treatment constituted of intravenous infusion of oxaliplatin with a specification of 85 mg/m2, infusion time of more than 2 h; infusion of leucovorin, with a specification of 200 mg/m2, followed by intravenous injection of 5-fluorouracil with a specification of 500 mg after 2 h infusion and then continuous intravenous drip pump of 5-fluorouracil with a specification of 2.5 g/m2 for 48 h infusion. The treatment was given once every 14 d, 2 times to complete one course of treatment of 28 d. The treatment has six courses. The study group was given combined chemotherapy of docetaxel and nedaplatin. Intravenous drip of 75 mg/m2 docetaxel and 60 mg/m2 nedaplatin was carried out, once a day for 21 days for a complete course of treatment. A total of 8 courses of treatment was given. The short-term treatment efficacy, long-term treatment efficacy (1-y and 3-y survival rate) of the 2 groups were recorded and compared. Following the WHO evaluation criteria for solid tumor efficacy[7], the size of gastric carcinoma lesions was evaluated by gastroscopy and barium meal radiography of upper gastrointestinal tract. The status of metastases was assessed using B-mode ultrasonography and CT. Meanwhile, adverse reactions were recorded, which included neurotoxicity, digestive tract reaction, myelosuppression and mucositis. In addition, the physiological, psychological, social, and overall quality of life scores were counted using health status questionnaire (SF-36). Statistical analysis software SPSS21.0 was used to process data. The measurement data were expressed by mean±standard deviation, with t test conducted for intergroup comparison. Enumeration data were expressed by natural (n) and percentage (%), with X2 used for intergroup comparison. The intergroup difference is of statistical value when P<0.05. There was no significant difference in short-term treatment efficacy between the 2 groups. However, the 1-y and 3-y survival rates of the study group were significantly better than those of the control group (P<0.05), as shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 2, there was no significant difference in rate of adverse reactions between the 2 groups. The quality of life scores for the study group were significantly higher as compared to those of the control group. As a type of malignant tumor, gastric carcinoma (fig. 4 and Table 3) attacks an increasing number of patients. Usually, many gastric carcinoma patients have already been in the stage of advanced gastric carcinoma at diagnosis[8]. High rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis are still the case after radical gastrectomy for cancer, so ways to effectively optimize postoperative status of advanced gastric carcinoma has already become an issue of high concern in the medical community. Postoperative chemotherapy is already a standard treatment measure. There are many types of chemotherapeutic drugs with different sensitivity to gastric carcinoma, so patients differ greatly in terms of overall survival[9,10]. Docetaxel is a semi-synthetic taxane derivative with activity more than double that of taxol. More recently, docetaxel-based combination chemotherapy regimen has been widely applied in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma, with remarkable effects. Plus its characteristics of higher tolerance, docetaxel was approved by the FDA as the first-line therapy for gastric carcinoma back in 2006. Nedaplatin represents a third generation organoplatinum antitumor drug with solubility more than 10 times that of diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP). Many clinical studies have shown no full crossresistance between nedaplatin and other platinum drugs. Moreover, nedaplatin can react with nucleosides to produce nucleoside-platinum conjugates that ultimately inhibit replication of tumor DNA. The results of this study showed similar short-term efficacy of combined docetaxel and nedaplatin chemotherapy and oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin combined chemotherapy. However, the former’s long-term efficacy is relatively better, no serious adverse reaction is produced, and higher quality of life is obtained. Hence, it can be used as a postoperative chemotherapy regimen for advanced gastric carcinoma. In summary, docetaxel-nedaplatin combined chemotherapy can achieve good results, obtain relatively satisfactory long-term efficacy for patients with advanced gastric carcinoma. Moreover, patients can tolerate toxic reactions and receive good quality of life. Therefore, such chemotherapy initiative should be popularized.

IJPS-Helicobacter

Figure 1: Helicobacter pylori

IJPS-Advanced

Figure 2: Advanced gastric carcinoma

IJPS-Imaging

Figure 3: Imaging of advanced gastric carcinoma

IJPS-Gastric

Figure 4: Gastric carcinoma

Group Number of cases short-term efficacy n (%) 1-y survival rate n (%) 3-y survival rate n (%)
Study group 80 54 (67.50) 65 (81.25) 60 (75.00)
Control group 80 39 (48.75) 48 (60.00) 44 (55.00)
X2   9.48 10.25 12.20
P   <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Table 1: The Comparison of Short-Term and Long-Term Treatment Efficacies

Group Number of cases Neurotoxicity n (%) gastrointestinal reactions n (%) Myelosuppression n (%) Mucositis  n (%)
Study group 80 45(56.25) 20(25.00) 34(42.50) 16(20.00)
Control group 80 42(52.50) 22(27.50) 33(41.25) 19(23.75)
X2   0.32 0.25 0.10 0.29
P   >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05

Table 2: Comparison of Rate of Adverse Reactions

Group Number of cases physiological function psychological function social function Overall quality of life
Study group 80 0.97±0.32 1.30±0.52 1.29±0.15 4.81±0.55
Control group 80 0.43±0.29 1.01±0.05 0.82±0.23 3.26±1.20
t   3.58 5.31 5.09 8.36
P   <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Table 3: Comparison of Quality of Life

References