Abstract

To examine the potential benefits of Ginkgo biloba diterpene glumine injection as a treatment for cerebral small vascular disease, as well as the effects of the injection on oxidative stress and brain inflammation in cerebral small vascular disease model rats, as well as the cognitive function of these animals. 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were split into three groups randomly; a diterpene glumine injection group, a model group, and a normal control group, eight rats in each group. The cerebral small vascular disease model was induced, and rats in the experimental group underwent water maze testing to evaluate their behavioral and cognitive functions. Biochemical methods were employed to analyze oxidase activity and malondialdehyde levels in brain tissue. Nitric oxide content and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity were performed in brain tissue. Brain water content was determined using the weightlessness method, and the percentage of brain infarct volume was calculated via 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Pathological alterations in brain tissue and neuronal death were observed through terminal deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling, haemotoxylin and eosin labeling techniques. Following the establishment of the cerebral small vascular disease model, there was a decrease in cognitive function, an increase in the neurological impairment score, an increase in the infarct area and brain water content, an observation of oxidative stress and inflammatory infiltration in the brain tissue, a decrease in synaptic function, and an increase in the rate of neuronal apoptosis. Following diterpene glumine injection administration, the cerebral small vascular disease model rats cognitive function progressively returned, the damage to their neurological system decreased, the extent of their cerebral infarction shrank, the levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory infiltration in the brain improved. More significantly, in rats with cerebral small vascular disease model disease, diterpene glumine injection reduced the pathogenic alterations in brain tissue, synaptic function, and neuronal death. Diterpene glumine injection can improve the cognitive function of cerebral small vascular disease model rats, reduce the damage of nerve function and the size of cerebral infarction, and improve the apoptosis and pathological development of brain neurons in cerebral small vascular disease model rats by reducing brain oxidative stress and inflammatory infiltration.